Molluscs · Pisaniidae
Engina mendicaria
Bumble bee snail
The "bumble bee": a tiny black snail striped with yellow, often sold as a cleaner. It is not an algae grazer but a nocturnal CARNIVORE: it eats detritus and meaty leftovers, hunts sand worms and, when hungry, may attack other snails.
- beginner level
- Adult size
- 1–2.2 cm
This sheet is still being written. Some sections are not filled in yet: they stay hidden while they are empty.
What it needs
Water parameters
- Temperature°C
- SalinitySG
- pH
Day to day
Care and feeding
- LevelBeginner
- FoodCarnivore
Care
Acclimation: slow. It is sensitive to the slightest change in water parameters (LiveAquaria) and to salinity changes (Quality Marine).
Setup: hiding places, live rock and a deep sand bed where it can forage undisturbed. Its small size lets it get into the tightest crevices.
Tankmates, the key point: the two big sellers disagree. LiveAquaria calls it reef compatible; Quality Marine says it is peaceful but "not reef safe". The reason: when food runs short it may eat other snails and polychaetes, useful or not (bristleworms included). Avoid it with valuable snails or small snails in a tank with few leftovers.
Sensitivities: copper, high nitrate, salinity changes.
Good health: active at night, it searches sand and rock; in an established tank it usually finds enough to eat on its own.
Feeding
Carnivore and scavenger: it cleans up detritus, meaty food leftovers and decaying organisms, and eats worms living in the sand. Like most Buccinidae in the broad sense, it is a carnivore (SeaLifeBase).
In an established tank it often needs no supplement. Otherwise, give small pieces of mysis or brine shrimp, frozen meaty food, or flakes and pellets for carnivores (LiveAquaria, Quality Marine). A hungry bumble bee is the one that attacks other snails.
Decor
- Deep sand bed and live rock (LiveAquaria).
- Hiding places and crevices.
Tank mates
Compatibility
Goes well with
- Peaceful fish fed meaty foods: it lives on the leftovers.
- Established tank with deep sand and live rock.
Avoid
- Small and valuable snails: it may eat them when hungry.
- Useful sand-dwelling polychaetes: it eats them without distinction.
- Copper treatments: lethal.
In detail
Description
Identification: shell 10 to 22 mm, purplish black with white to yellow transverse bands, like a bee or wasp; it is fairly smooth, with axial ribs only on the early whorls, and the columella is smooth with one or two denticles. A common synonym in the trade: Pusiostoma mendicaria (LiveAquaria).
In the wild it lives on rocky shores and shallow sand beds (2 to 4 m), often under rocks at high-tide level, from the Red Sea and East Africa to the tropical Indo-Pacific, as far as Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. It is mainly nocturnal.
Reproduction: it does not release its gametes into the water (SeaLifeBase). In aquariums, breeding is considered extremely difficult and the sexes look alike.
Characteristics
- Shell 1 to 2.2 cm, black with white or yellow bands.
- Nocturnal carnivore, not an algae eater.
- Eats detritus, meaty leftovers and sand worms.
- When hungry, may eat other snails: "not reef safe" for Quality Marine.
- Sensitive to salinity changes.
- Red Sea, East Africa and tropical Indo-Pacific, 2 to 4 m.
Origin
- Indo-Pacific
Distribution
- Red Sea; Indian Ocean (Aldabra, Chagos, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Tanzania)
- Tropical Indo-Pacific: Philippines, Palau, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, northern Australia
- Rocky shores and sand, 2 to 4 m
Status
Conservation
Not evaluated (NE)
WoRMS
Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Mollusca
- Class
- Gastropoda
- Order
- Neogastropoda
- Family
- Pisaniidae
- Genus
- Engina
- Species
Where this comes from
Sources
- WoRMSWoRMS — Engina mendicaria (Linnaeus, 1758) (AphiaID 212164) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
- WebSeaLifeBase — Engina mendicaria, Bumble bee snail (species summary) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
- WebWikipedia (en) — Engina mendicaria (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
- WebLiveAquaria — Bumble Bee Snail (Pusiostoma mendicaria) (description and quick stats) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
- Web
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