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    1. Species/
    2. Echinoderms/
    3. Ophioderma squamosissimum

    Echinoderms · Ophiodermatidae

    Ophioderma squamosissimum

    Scaly brittle star

    A Caribbean serpent star, sold as the 'Red Serpent Star'. It lives on reefs from 3 to 85 m. In the aquarium it is an active nocturnal scavenger that learns to come out to feed; published data on the species itself remain scarce.

    • intermediate level
    Minimum tank
    200 L
    Adult size
    18–20 cm

    This sheet is still being written. Some sections are not filled in yet: they stay hidden while they are empty.

    On this sheet

    1. Care and feeding
    2. Compatibility
    3. Description
    4. Conservation
    5. Classification
    6. Sources

    Day to day

    Care and feeding

    • LevelIntermediate
    • Tank≥ 200 L

    Care

    Acclimation: like other Ophioderma, it copes very poorly with sudden changes in oxygen, salinity and pH. Acclimate it by drip and never expose it to air.

    Setup: plenty of hiding places in the rock and room to roam. Reeflex recommends at least 200 L and rates it 'average'. One hobbyist reports it stays shy for a long time after arrival and then only shows itself when lured with food.

    Tankmates: no species-specific source describes attacks on corals. One hobbyist on Reeflex found hermit crab remains near it as long as it was not fed directly, then no more losses once it was given frozen food: feed it regularly if you keep small crustaceans.

    Sensitivities: no copper-based medication. Water: no species-specific source gives values; LiveAquaria's sheet for Caribbean Ophioderma lists 22 to 25.5 °C, a specific gravity of 1.023 to 1.025, pH 8.1 to 8.4 and 8 to 12 dKH.

    Feeding

    Reeflex lists shellfish meat, detritus and frozen foods, in small and large sizes.

    Although nocturnal, it usually learns to come out by day to eat. Give it small pieces of chopped meat, shrimp, mussel or fish, held close to its arms; one hobbyist feeds it every other day with pieces of about 5 mm.

    Decor

    • Rockwork with many hiding places
    • Room to roam at night

    Related species

    Other echinoderms

    See all echinoderms →
    E

    Green brittle star

    Ophiarachna incrassata

    Blue linckia

    Tank mates

    Compatibility

    Goes well with

    • ✓Corals: no attacks described in the sources consulted
    • ✓Peaceful fish
    • ✓Snails and hermit crabs if it is fed regularly

    Avoid

    • ✕Copper-based treatments
    • ✕Tank without hiding places

    In detail

    Description

    Identification: like other Ophioderma, a five-sided central disc and five scaly, banded arms. Reeflex gives it an armspread of 18 to 20 cm. The spelling 'squamosissima', still common, comes from confusion about the grammatical gender of Ophioderma. Beware of mix-ups: Ophioderma rubicundum lives in the same waters and is also sold as a red serpent star ('Red Bahama Serpent Sea Star' at Quality Marine); a 2022 phylogeny groups it with Ophioderma vansyoci.

    In the wild it lives in the western central Atlantic: the Caribbean, the Bahamas and Bermuda, on coral reefs from 3 to 85 m. None of the sources consulted describes its natural diet precisely; Ophioderma in general are scavengers and detritivores.

    Reproduction and status: no species-specific breeding data in the sources consulted; in aquariums Ophioderma are considered extremely difficult to breed, as males and females look alike. It has not been evaluated by the IUCN and is not listed by CITES.

    Characteristics

    • Serpent star of the Caribbean, the Bahamas and Bermuda.
    • 18 to 20 cm armspread according to Reeflex.
    • Reefs from 3 to 85 m deep.
    • Nocturnal, but learns to come out to feed.
    • Never take it out of the water.
    • Confused in the trade with Ophioderma rubicundum.

    Distribution

    • Western central Atlantic: Caribbean, Bahamas, Bermuda
    • Coral reefs, 3 to 85 m

    Status

    Conservation

    IUCN Red List

    Not evaluated (NE)

    WoRMS

    Classification

    Kingdom
    Animalia
    └
    Phylum
    Echinodermata
    └
    Class
    Ophiuroidea
    └
    Order
    Ophiacanthida
    └
    Family
    Ophiodermatidae
    └
    Genus
    Ophioderma
    └
    Species
    Ophioderma squamosissimum

    AphiaID 422472 · See on WoRMS (opens in a new tab)

    Where this comes from

    Sources

    1. [1]WoRMSWoRMS — Ophioderma squamosissimum Lütken, 1856 (AphiaID 422472) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    2. [2]WebSeaLifeBase — Ophioderma squamosissimum, Scaly brittle star (species summary) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    3. [3]WebGBIF — IUCN Red List category of Ophioderma squamosissimum (Not Evaluated) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    4. [4]CITESSpecies+ — search for Ophioderma and Ophioderma squamosissimum (no CITES taxon concept) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    5. [5]WebReeflex — Ophioderma squamosissimum, Red Serpent Star (difficulty, tank size, size, food) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    6. [6]PaperLessios, H.A. & Hendler, G. (2022). Mitochondrial phylogeny of the brittle star genus Ophioderma. Scientific Reports 12 (opens in a new tab) · DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-08944-0 (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    7. [7]WebLiveAquaria — Serpent Sea Star, Caribbean, Ophioderma sp. (genus-level care sheet) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    8. [8]WebQuality Marine — Red Bahama Serpent Sea Star, Ophioderma rubicundum (a similar species sold under a similar name) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    9. [9]WebLiveAquaria — Acclimation Guides (why acclimate; floating and drip methods) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    10. [10]WebLiveAquaria — Employ the Drip Method to Reduce Aquarium Acclimation Stress (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    UpdatedNov 11, 2026
    Versionv2
    Report an error on this sheet

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