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    1. Species/
    2. Invertebrates/
    3. Bispira viola

    Invertebrates · Sabellidae

    Bispira viola

    A small soft-tube feather duster described from the Mediterranean, which often multiplies on its own in reef aquariums: it is found in most tanks around the world, brought in with live rock. It builds its tube from the detritus it traps.

    • beginner level
    • Reef Safe
    Minimum tank
    50 L
    Adult size
    ≤ 10 cm

    This sheet is still being written. Some sections are not filled in yet: they stay hidden while they are empty.

    On this sheet

    1. Care and feeding
    2. Compatibility
    3. Description
    4. Conservation
    5. Classification
    6. Sources

    Day to day

    Care and feeding

    • LevelBeginner
    • FoodFilter Feeder
    • Tank≥ 50 L

    Care

    Acclimation: never lift the worm out of the water, as air can get trapped in its tube; move it in a bag, under water. When buying, pick a specimen with a complete crown that withdraws briskly when touched, and whose tube is neither torn nor broken. Invertebrates cope poorly with changes in water quality: bring the bag water to your tank's water slowly.

    Setup: it usually arrives by itself with live rock and settles high up, on rocks and algae. A tank of at least 50 litres is enough. Nothing special is needed beyond a current that brings particles; a population boom reflects a tank rich in suspended matter.

    Tankmates: these worms do not sting, do not eat other animals and do not compete with them chemically. The reverse is not true: butterflyfish relish their crowns, some wrasses and hawkfish eat them, as do triggerfish, large puffers, filefish and some angelfish; omnivorous crabs kill them by pinching the tube, and eels or urchins can damage them as they move about.

    Crown loss: many feather dusters shed their crown from time to time. Do not remove the tube: the crown grows back within a few weeks. An occasional loss is nothing to worry about; if it happens every couple of months, look for an irritant or a lack of food. A starving worm drops its crown and grows a smaller one each time, so a shrinking crown means it is not getting enough food. Invertebrates do not tolerate copper medications.

    Feeding

    Related species

    Other invertebrates

    See all invertebrates →
    I

    Social feather duster

    Bispira brunnea

    I

    A filter feeder on fine particles, plankton and detritus. In an established tank it usually lives on what the tank produces, without specific feeding.

    How it feeds: cilia on the radioles drive a current through the crown. Trapped particles are sorted by size: the largest are rejected, medium ones go into the tube in soft-tube species, and the finest go to the mouth. The diet includes bacteria, fine detritus, particulate organic matter, phytoplankton and tiny microorganisms. Food is taken from the underside of the crown, so it must stay in suspension.

    Decor

    • Live rock
    • Rocks and algae high up
    • A current that brings particles

    Tank mates

    Compatibility

    Goes well with

    • ✓Corals and other reef invertebrates: it does not sting, eat or compete chemically
    • ✓Peaceful reef fish that do not pick at sessile invertebrates

    Avoid

    • ✕Butterflyfish (Chaetodontidae): they eat the crown, then the worm
    • ✕Triggerfish, large puffers, filefish and some angelfish: they pull at the crowns
    • ✕Some wrasses and hawkfish (Cirrhitidae): known predators of feather dusters
    • ✕Omnivorous crabs: they pinch the tube and kill the worm
    • ✕Copper-based treatments

    In detail

    Description

    Identification: a funnel-shaped crown on tubes that colonise rocks and algae high up. Bispira brunnea looks superficially similar but lives in clusters attached at one point. Bispira variegata (Caribbean) looks the same but grows larger and burrows in sand. Several look-alike species may hide under this name.

    In the wild the species is recorded from the Mediterranean, in the subtidal zone. A single prolific species may be widespread in temperate and tropical seas, which would explain its near-universal presence in aquariums. Like other fan worms, it filters fine particles and plankton.

    Reproduction: in aquariums it multiplies asexually and can proliferate; one hobbyist reports dozens of small worms, probably of this species, appearing overnight around a single spot. By trapping detritus for its tube it is useful and can limit the algae that feed on that detritus. Status: not evaluated by the IUCN, not listed by CITES.

    Characteristics

    • Small soft-tube feather duster, up to 10 cm.
    • Found in most reef aquariums, brought in with live rock.
    • Multiplies on its own in aquariums, sometimes in large numbers.
    • Builds its tube from the detritus it traps.
    • Colonises rocks and algae high up.
    • Superficially resembles Bispira brunnea, which lives in clusters.

    Origin

    • Mediterranean

    Distribution

    • Mediterranean (including Greek waters)
    • Subtidal zone
    • Found in reef aquariums worldwide

    Status

    Conservation

    IUCN Red List

    Not evaluated (NE)

    WoRMS

    Classification

    Kingdom
    Animalia
    └
    Phylum
    Annelida
    └
    Class
    Polychaeta
    └
    Order
    Sabellida
    └
    Family
    Sabellidae
    └
    Genus
    Bispira
    └
    Species
    Bispira viola

    AphiaID 130874 · See on WoRMS (opens in a new tab)

    Where this comes from

    Sources

    1. [1]WoRMSWoRMS — Bispira viola (Grube, 1863) (AphiaID 130874) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    2. [2]WebSeaLifeBase — Bispira viola (species summary: Mediterranean) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    3. [3]WebReefs.com — Julian Sprung (2002), "Featherdusters In The Aquarium" (crown structure, feeding, crown shedding, genera kept in aquaria, predators) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    4. [4]WebMeerwasser-Lexikon (reeflex.net) — Bispira viola (difficulty Easy, tank 50 L, size 10 cm, hobbyist report of mass offspring) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    5. [5]WebWetWebMedia — Bob Fenner, "Featherduster Worms: Natural History and Husbandry" (selection, placement, feeding, predators, crown regeneration) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    6. [6]WebQuality Marine — Magnificent Feather Duster page (generic statement: invertebrates do not tolerate copper medications and are sensitive to water quality changes) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    7. [7]WebGBIF — IUCN Red List category of Bispira viola (Not Evaluated) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    8. [8]CITESSpecies+ — search for Bispira (no CITES/EU taxon concept found) (opens in a new tab) · accessed on November 11, 2026
    UpdatedNov 11, 2026
    Versionv2
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